Definition of Pure Resistive AC Circuit:
The circuit containing only a pure resistance of R ohms in the AC circuit is known as Pure Resistive AC Circuit. The presence of inductance and capacitance does not exist in a pure resistive circuit. The Alternating current and voltage both move forward as well as backward in both the direction of the circuit. Hence, the Alternating current and voltage follows a shape of Sine wave or known as the sinusoidal waveform.
Contents:
Explanation of Resistive Circuit:
In an AC circuit, the ratio of voltage to current depends upon the supply frequency, phase angle, and phase difference. In an AC resistive circuit, the value of resistance of the resistor will be same irrespective of the supply frequency.
Let the alternating voltage applied across the circuit be given by the equation
Then the instantaneous value of current flowing through the resistor shown in the figure below will be
The value of current will be maximum when ωt= 90 degrees or sinωt = 1
Putting the value of sinωt in equation (2) we will get
Phase Angle and Waveform of Resistive Circuit:
From equation (1) and (3), it is clear that there is no phase difference between applied voltage and current flowing through a pure resistive circuit, i.e. phase angle between voltage and current is zero.hence, in an AC circuit containing pure resistance, current is in phase with the voltage as shown in the waveform figure below.
Power in Pure Resistive Circuit :
The three colors red, blue and pink shown in the power curve or the waveform indicate the curve for current, voltage and power respectively. From the phasor diagram, it is clear that the current and voltage are in phase with each other that means the value of current and voltage attains its peak at the same instant of time, and the power curve is always positive for all the values of current and voltage.
As in DC supply circuit the product of voltage and current is known as the Power in the circuit similarly the power is same in the AC circuit also, the only difference is that in AC circuit the instantaneous value of voltage and current is taken into consideration. Therefore, the instantaneous power in a pure resistive circuit is given by the equation shown below
Instantaneous power, p= vi
The average power consumed in the circuit over a complete cycle is given by
As valve of cosωt is zero
Putting the value of cosωt in equation (4) the value of power will be given by
Where,
Hence, the power in a pure resistive circuit is given by
P=VI
The voltage and the current in the pure resistive circuit are in phase with each other having no phase difference with phase angle zero. The alternating quantity reaches their peak value at the interval of the same time period that is the rise and fall of the voltage and current occurs at the same time.
The circuit containing only a pure resistance of R ohms in the AC circuit is known as Pure Resistive AC Circuit. The presence of inductance and capacitance does not exist in a pure resistive circuit. The Alternating current and voltage both move forward as well as backward in both the direction of the circuit. Hence, the Alternating current and voltage follows a shape of Sine wave or known as the sinusoidal waveform.
Contents:
- Explanation of Resistive Circuit
- Phase Angle and Waveform of Resistive Circuit
- Power in Pure Resistive Circuit
Explanation of Resistive Circuit:
In an AC circuit, the ratio of voltage to current depends upon the supply frequency, phase angle, and phase difference. In an AC resistive circuit, the value of resistance of the resistor will be same irrespective of the supply frequency.
Let the alternating voltage applied across the circuit be given by the equation
Then the instantaneous value of current flowing through the resistor shown in the figure below will be
The value of current will be maximum when ωt= 90 degrees or sinωt = 1
Putting the value of sinωt in equation (2) we will get
From equation (1) and (3), it is clear that there is no phase difference between applied voltage and current flowing through a pure resistive circuit, i.e. phase angle between voltage and current is zero.hence, in an AC circuit containing pure resistance, current is in phase with the voltage as shown in the waveform figure below.
Power in Pure Resistive Circuit :
The three colors red, blue and pink shown in the power curve or the waveform indicate the curve for current, voltage and power respectively. From the phasor diagram, it is clear that the current and voltage are in phase with each other that means the value of current and voltage attains its peak at the same instant of time, and the power curve is always positive for all the values of current and voltage.
As in DC supply circuit the product of voltage and current is known as the Power in the circuit similarly the power is same in the AC circuit also, the only difference is that in AC circuit the instantaneous value of voltage and current is taken into consideration. Therefore, the instantaneous power in a pure resistive circuit is given by the equation shown below
Instantaneous power, p= vi
Putting the value of cosωt in equation (4) the value of power will be given by
- P – average power
- Vr.m.s – root mean square value of supply voltage
- Ir.m.s – root mean square value of the current
Hence, the power in a pure resistive circuit is given by
P=VI
The voltage and the current in the pure resistive circuit are in phase with each other having no phase difference with phase angle zero. The alternating quantity reaches their peak value at the interval of the same time period that is the rise and fall of the voltage and current occurs at the same time.
What is Pure Resistive AC Circuit
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